Laceration and Wound Treatment
General Information on Lacerations and Wounds
Most wounds or lacerations are clearly noticeable; however, sometimes the outside wound is only the “tip of the iceberg” and more extensive damage lies underneath. This fact is especially true for bite wounds, where severe tissue damage may remain unnoticed if not treated correctly in the beginning.
There also may be damage to underlying tissues such as muscle, tendons, nerves, vessels or joints and other structures.
Wounds around the abdomen or chest can be worrisome since penetrating wounds can lead to a serious infection of these cavities.
How do we treat lacerations and wounds?
Smaller lacerations and wounds can usually be treated with the patient under sedation. Large wounds or pets with multiple wounds may need general anesthesia.
All areas are clipped, cleaned, and explored. Depending on the type of wound, the size, and location the closure will vary – multiple layers of suture, only one layer of skin sutures, or staples. Some wounds – especially bite wounds, older wounds or infected wounds may not be amenable for immediate closure since this may result in a pocket of infection without the possibility to drain.
If the surrounding skin has been torn loose creating a “pocket a drain will be placed to decrease the chance of fluid accumulation.
Lacerations involving tendons are a serious injury since tendons heal very slowly. Therefore, it may require placement of a splint or cast for up to 8 weeks.
Wounds that penetrate the abdomen or chest will require hospitalization and/or exploratory surgery since internal organs may have been damaged and any delay in treatment of these internal wounds may result in life-threatening complications.
Follow-up & Prognosis
Some wounds will need to be treated with daily bandage changes until they are clean enough to be closed. In general, we will apply a bandage to accomplish this. The repaired wound (incision) will need to be kept clean and dry. If excessive crusting appears, the wound can be gently wiped with a warm, damp cloth. In general, the scab of a wound should not be removed. Do not apply other cleansers or ointments unless directed by your veterinarian.
Do not allow licking or chewing of the wound since this will delay healing.
Minimize activity until the sutures or staples are removed.
Warning signs of infection include redness, swelling, thick discharge, or foul odor. See your veterinarian if you notice any of these signs.
Most sutures and staples can be removed in 10 – 14 days after wound repair.
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